Cellulite is a skin infection caused by Staphylococcus and Streptococcus bacteria. There are different types of cellulite depending on the infected area. Some types are facial cellulitis, cellulitis breast, perianal cellulitis, cellulitis bottom of leg (foot), orbital cellulitis and periorbital cellulitis. Periorbital cellulitis or Preseptal cellulitis is an infection in the eyelid a areas surrounding the eye.
Responsible for this type of cellulite microorganisms are Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, some species of Streptococcus and anaerobes. Periorbital cellulitis can be caused by infection of breaks in the skin around the eye or may be a secondary infection from infected patient blood with cellulite in different parts of the body. It may also be due to infection of the neighbouring organs such as upper airway sinusitis.
Other causes are linked to ocular trauma, insect near or surrounding the eye and surgical procedures near the eyelids. Influenza type b Haemophilus influenza has been a cause of this infection, but since the discovery of a vaccine against this virus, periorbital cellulitis through this incident has been close to zero.
The common symptoms for periorbital cellulitis are pain, swelling, redness and discharge in the eyelid and surrounding area. It can also cause redness of the white of the eye or conjunctivitis and swelling of the whites of the eyes or chemosis. There are cases in which the patient can not open high and developed a slight fever. This type of cellulite is usually occur in children under 10 years old and most of the patients is less than 5 years of age.
In very rare cases where the infection has reached the orbit of the eye, this infection may threaten the own vision, and can also lead to sepsis or meningitis. In contrast to orbital cellulitis, periorbital cellulitis does not cause the eyes stand out or bulging, no limit vision and movement of the eyes and not be pain on eye movement.
Diagnosis of periorbital cellulitis is set taking a history detailed clinic would be important to ask about being bitten by an animal or get in touch with people that have infection of the skin, a series of blood tests and an eye exam to check the movement vision and eye.
Treatment for this periorbital cellulitis must be a physician or medical expert in a hospital or medical center. Main goal of treatment is to stop the infection from spreading to the orbital area which could represent a more serious threat to the infected eye. Young patients usually receive antibiotics intravenously while older patients receive antibiotics taken by mouth. Antibiotics used as goal the Gram-positive Streptococcus and Staphylococcus. Managed common antibiotics which have this effect are cephalexin, dicloxacillin and clindamycin.
Pain and swelling in the area can be attenuated by hot or warm compresses. Antibiotic eye drops are also used as adjunctive treatment for the infection. Used lubricants such as Vaseline for dry skin relief in the infected area. A sterile swab or cotton cloth should be used to manage this to avoid infection. Lubricants also help avoid the scabs in the infected area.
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